Linux下發(fā)生段錯(cuò)誤時(shí)如何產(chǎn)生core文件
使用ulimit -a可以查看系統(tǒng)core文件的大小限制;使用ulimit -c [kbytes]可以設(shè)置系統(tǒng)允許生成的core文件大小,例如
ulimit -c 0 不產(chǎn)生core文件
ulimit -c 100 設(shè)置core文件最大為100k
ulimit -c unlimited 不限制core文件大小
先看一段會(huì)造成段錯(cuò)誤的程序:
#include
int main()
{
char *ptr=linuxers.cn;
*ptr=0;
}
編譯運(yùn)行后結(jié)果如下:
[leconte@localhost test]$ gcc -g -o test a.c
[leconte@localhost test]$ ./test
段錯(cuò)誤
此時(shí)并沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生core文件,接下來(lái)使用ulimit -c設(shè)置core文件大小為無(wú)限制,再執(zhí)行./test程序,結(jié)果如下:
[leconte@localhost ~]$ ulimit -a
core file size (blocks, -c) 0
[leconte@localhost test]$ ulimit -c unlimited
[leconte@localhost test]$ ulimit -a
core file size (blocks, -c) unlimited
[leconte@localhost test]$ ./test
段錯(cuò)誤 (core dumped)
[leconte@localhost test]$ ls -al core.*
-rw------- 1 leconte leconte 139264 01-06 22:31 core.2065
可見(jiàn)core文件已經(jīng)生成,接下來(lái)可以用gdb分析,查看堆棧情況:
[leconte@localhost test]$ gdb ./test core.2065
GNU gdb Fedora (6.8-27.el5)
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type show copying
and show warranty for details.
This GDB was configured as i386-redhat-linux-gnu...
warning: exec file is newer than core file.
warning: Can't read pathname for load map: Input/output error.
Reading symbols from /lib/libc.so.6...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libc.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/ld-linux.so.2...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/ld-linux.so.2
Core was generated by `./test'.
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
[New process 2065]
#0 0x0804836f in main () at a.c:6
6 *ptr=0;
從上述輸出可以清楚的看到,段錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)在a.c的第6行,問(wèn)題已經(jīng)清晰地定位到了。
很多系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的core文件大小都是0,我們可以通過(guò)在shell的啟動(dòng)腳本/etc/bashrc或者~/.bashrc等地方來(lái)加入 ulimit -c 命令來(lái)指定core文件大小,從而確保core文件能夠生成。
除此之外,還可以在/proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern里設(shè)置core文件的文件名模板,詳情請(qǐng)看core的官方man手冊(cè)。 (發(fā)布者:chiying)
linux操作系統(tǒng)文章專(zhuān)題:linux操作系統(tǒng)詳解(linux不再難懂)
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